ECOSOCIALISMS AND THE CONTEMPORARY SOCIO-ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS: CRITIQUE OF NEOLIBERAL CAPITALISM AND HORIZONS OF TRANSFORMATION

Abstract

This article analyzes Ecosocialisms as a theoretical and political alternative to the contemporary socio-environmental crisis associated with neoliberal capitalism. It is based on the premise that the intensification of climate change, ecological degradation, and deepening social inequalities constitute a multidimensional structural crisis. In this context, the study examines how ecosocialist currents reinterpret the Marxist tradition in light of environmental issues, proposing an expanded critique of production, consumption, and social organization. Methodologically, this is a theoretical and analytical study grounded in a critical review of the literature and the articulation between historical materialism and political ecology. The findings indicate that Ecosocialisms are structured around three main axes: the critique of the commodification of nature, the defense of socio-environmental justice, and the proposal of democratic forms of managing common goods. It concludes that, despite its plurality and ongoing development, ecosocialism offers a relevant analytical and normative framework to address the ecological limits of contemporary capitalism.